A urethral stricture involves scar tissue that causes a narrowing of the urethra — the tube that passes urine from the bladder out through the penis. Strictures can be mild or severe and affect the tissue surrounding the lining of the tube. Scar tissue causing the stricture can be the result of infections (inflammatory), prior instrumentation (iatrogenic), trauma, or sometimes the cause is unknown (idiopathic).

Male infertility is any health issue in a man that lowers the chances of his female partner getting pregnant. A male factor is solely responsible in about 20 percent of infertile couples and contributory in another 30-40 percent. An initial screening evaluation of the male partner of an infertile couple should be done if pregnancy has not occurred within one year of unprotected intercourse. If pregnancy has not occurred in six months and the female partner is greater than 35 years of age, a workup is also warranted. An earlier evaluation may be warranted if a known male or female infertility risk factor exists or if a man questions his fertility potential.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the consistent inability to sustain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. As a result of recent medical research, it is now known that more than 80 percent of men suffering from ED can trace its origin to a physical problem or disorder. For most men, the cause of ED can now be fairly easily identified. Once identified, proper treatment can be recommended to help return them to a satisfying sex life.